ABSTRACT
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with various metabolic disorders, and adipokines, secreted by adipose tissue, are involved in their pathogenesis. This study investigated associations between VAT/subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) ratio, inflammatory markers, and cardiovascular (CV) risk-score in adults. Plasma levels of adipokines, plasma lipid profile, blood pressure, and body composition (using dual-emission x-ray absorptiometry) were determined. CV risk-score based on the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) score was calculated in a sample of 309 Brazilian civil servants aged <60 years. Participants' VAT/SAT ratio were categorized into quartiles. Among males, plasma leptin (2.8 ng/mL) and C reactive protein (CRP) (0.2 mg/dL) (P<0.05) levels were higher at P75 and P50 than P5, and the highest calculated CV risk-score was observed at P75 (7.1%). Among females, higher plasma adiponectin levels were observed at P25 (54.3 ng/mL) compared with P75 (36 ng/mL) (P<0.05). Higher plasma CRP levels were observed at P75 (0.4 mg/dL) compared with P5 (0.1 mg/dL) (P<0.05). Higher CV risk-score was observed at P75 (2.0%) compared with P5 (0.7%). In both sexes, VAT and VAT/SAT ratio were directly associated with plasma leptin, CRP, and CV risk-score, and inversely associated with adiponectin; SAT was directly associated with plasma leptin and CRP (P<0.01); interleukin (IL)-10 and CRP were directly associated with adiponectin and leptin, respectively (P<0.05). Among men only, IL-10 (inversely) and CRP (directly) were associated with CV risk-score (P=0.02). Our results strengthened the relevance of the VAT/SAT ratio in cardiovascular risk.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo explore the relationship of body fat distribution with serum lipid and its potentially predictive value for dyslipidemia.MethodsA total of 784 Beijing rural residents were enrolled in this study using a cluster sampling method.The body height,weight,waist circumference (WC),hip circumference,body composition,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C ),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C),total cholesterol ( TC),and triglycerides (TG) were measured.The body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were calculated.ResultsThe age-adjusted partial correlation analysis showed that WC had the best correlation with HDL-C ( r =- 0.310) and LDL-C ( r =0.204 ),while WHR with TC ( r =0.151 ) and TG ( r =0.271 ).Subgroup analysis with different BMI,WC,WHR,and trunk fat mass (TFM) showed that WC,WHR,and TFM sensitively reflected the changes of body lipids,whereas BMI,WC,WHR,and TFM sensitively reflected the low HDL,high TG,and risk of dyslipidemia.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the predictive curves of WC,WHR,BMI,and TFM were above the reference line,and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of WHR (0.684,0.630),WC (0.667,0.616),and TFM (0.661,0.604) showed high tendencies than BMI (0.629,0.597) for both male and female subjects,although no statistically significant differences were found ( all P ＞ 0.05 ).ConclusionsCompared with BMI,the body fat distribution indicators including WHR,WC,and TFM have higher predictive values in evaluating the risk of dyslipidemia.When the maximum Youden index for predicting the risk of dyslipidemia is applied,the ideal cutoff points was 24 kg/m2 for BMI,0.91 for WHR,85cm for WC,7.5kg for TFM in males,and 25 kg/m2,0.91,87cm,and 9.5 kg,respectively,in females.